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initiaitions sur le BIOS (sujet informatique)


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voici un très intéressant sujet sur le BIOS que j'ai trouver sur un autre forum, j'ai vu que c'est très utiles de connaitre ces informations car tous le monde utilise le PC quotidiennement, bonne lecture :

???? ??????? ???????? ???????(BIOS)

?????? ?? ?????? ?????? (basic input output system ) ?????? " ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? " ????? "????" ??? ?? ?????? ?

?? ?? ??????

????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? .... ??? ???? ???? ?

??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? (POST ) ??? ?????? ??"power on self test" ?? " ????? ?????? ??? ??????? " ??? ??? ?? ???????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ( ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? .....???) ? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ... ??? .

??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????????????? ???? (beep code) ??? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ? ?? ???????????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????-?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? beep codes ?? ????? ?????? ????????????? - ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? .

????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????(??????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????????????????? ? ?????? ???????? ????? ? ???? ???????? .... ??? ) ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? .

?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ( ??? ????? ? ??? ? ?????? ? ????? ...??? ) ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? .

??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ? ?? ?????????? ..??? .

???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ( ?????????? ??????? ???) ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ?????? . ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???:

1. ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? POST

2. ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ( ????? ??? ????? ???? ???????).

3. ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? BIOS ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????.

4. ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ( ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? del ??? ??????? )

??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????"phoenix" ????? "????? award " ? ???? "american megatrends" ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????????? ???.

?????? ????? (*)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?? ????:

???? ?????? Award:

??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????.

????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? RAM.

???? ?????? Phoenix:

- ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ( ?????)? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????.

- ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ( 1-3-1-1) ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????? DRAM ????????.

- ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????(1-3-1-3) ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? Keyboard Controller.

- ?? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? RAM Failure.

???? ?????? AMI:

- ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????.

- ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? Base 64K Memory.

- ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????.

- ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???????.

- ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? Exception Interrupt Error.

- ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????.

- ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? CMOS.

- ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? Cache ?????.

??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????POST ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????

?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??

???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ???

??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????

????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????

???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????

?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? :

BIOS Features Setup

??????? ??????: CPU Level 1 Cache

???????? : Enabled ?? Disable

?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? Enabled .

????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? 400 ??? 500 ? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? Disabled ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ? ???? ?? ???? ??????????????? ????????? ??????? 2 ?? 3 ?????? ??? ???????.

??????? ???????: CPU Level 2 Cache

????????: Enabled, Disabled

?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????.

??????? ???????: CPU L2 Cache ECC Checking

????????: Enabled, Disabled

???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????????????? ? ????? ?? ?????L2 ECC ? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????.

?? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ? ???? ?? ????????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? L2 ? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????.

??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ? ? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????.

??????? ???????: Processor Number Feature

????????: Enabled, Disabled

? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? 3 ? ? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? 3.

??????? ???????: Quick Power On Self Test

????????: Enabled, Disabled

??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ? ? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????????.

??????? ???????: Virus Warning / Anti-Virus Protection

????????: Enabled, Disabled ?? ChipAway

??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? boot sector ?? partition table ?? ??? ????? ?? ????.

???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? boot sector ? partition table ? ??? ?????????? ???.

? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? :

1- ?????? ????? ????????.

2- ????? ??? ???????.

???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???????.

????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????? external controller ? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ????? ????? ? ? ?? ????? ??? ???????:

1- SCSI.

UltraDMA 66-2? UltraDMA100

??? ??????? ???? motherboards ????? ??? ????? ???? ChipAway ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ? ? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????.

??????? ???????: Boot Sequence

???????? :

A, C, SCSI/EXT

C, A, SCSI/EXT

C, CD-ROM, A

CD-ROM, C, A

D, A, SCSI/EXT ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? IDE))

E, A, SCSI/EXT ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? IDE))

F, A, SCSI ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? IDE))

SCSI/EXT, A, C

SCSI/EXT, C, A

A, SCSI/EXT, C

LS/ZIP, C

??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? C ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? SCSI????? SCSI ????? ?? ?????? ?????.

??? ??????? ???? ??? ABIT BE6 ? BP6 ????? ????? IDE Controller ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? SCSI????? ???? ?? EXT ? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? IDE ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? SCSI ? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????. ????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??? ??? IDE ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? EXT.

??????? ???????: Boot Sequence EXT Means ? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????.

????????: IDE, SCSI

??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? EXT ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? IDE ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ? ????? ???? ?? ????? IDE ?? ??? ??????? ? ? ????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? SCSI ? ????? ???? ?????? SCSI ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ABIT BE6 ? BP6.

??????? ??????? : Swap Floppy Drive

???????? : Enabled, Disabled

??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ???? ???????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ????? ? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? A ????? B ????? ????? ???? ??????? B?? A ? ? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????.

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